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Inventors Handbook

Public Financing: Allowing the public to buy shares in the company on the public market. These shares get traded in the recognized stock exchanges. But a company cannot simply decide to issue and/or transfer shares to investors. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has laid out detailed rules and regulations to protect investors and maintain the integrity of the securities markets. There is specific legislation governing how and when companies may go public, and restrictions on the transfer of shares, number of shareholders and advertisement of shares. In general, going public is really only a viable option for well-established companies. If you think going public is right for your company, begin by talking to a financial advisor or lawyer specializing in this area. For more information related to public issue of shares in US, please visit www.sec.gov

Strategic Alliances: Forming an alliance with another company that will benefit from your products or services. The major resources to search for potential strategic alliance partners include trade directories and patent publications. Strategic Alliances may be formed with large corporations, research universities, community groups and other entities. The support can be in the form of capital, human resources, office space, intellectual property etc.

Debt Financing

Debt financing refers to borrowed money, which has to be repaid over a specified period of time, with interest. Lenders charge interest for loaning of money without a share or equity in the business. Generally debt financing is approved against assets like house or property as security. There are numerous sources of debt capital, including commercial banks, credit unions, the government, credit card companies, community organizations, and specialty finance companies.

Note: Whether loan support is needed or not, take particular care to start a banking relationship. This reference support will be of immense help when looking for financial assistance in the future.
Commercial banks: Commercial banks are the most common and visible lenders. Though they accept collateral for business loans, loan approval rests on your ability to repay the loan as shown by your profit projections, management skills and your personal record.
Commercial finance companies: If you cannot secure finance from a bank, you can try one of the many commercial finance companies. They rely on the quality of your collateral and hence, commercial finance companies will be of no use, if you do not have substantial personal assets or collateral.

The main types of commercial loans, include

a. Short-term commercial loans (30 to 90 days) - Normally used by small businesses for business operation expenses such as rent, insurance, advertising, inventory or salaries. They are often unsecured.

b. Intermediate-term loans (1-5 years) – Normally used to fund purchase of business equipment, fixed assets or provide working capital support. They are usually secured by the new equipment or business assets.

c. A long-term commercial loan (more than 5 years) – These loans are generally secured and are used for business expansion – new buildings, acquisition of an existing business, purchase of real estate
.
d. Line of Credit – The banks set an upper limit of loan at a specified interest rate and allow the business to borrow against it when needed. The repayment would be over a longer period of time and the interest charged only on the amount borrowed.

e. Factoring of Receivables – Allows the bank to control the collection of the company's accounts receivable, either through direct deposit or through monthly loans as receivables are presented.

f. Receiving Credit – To support businesses, like contracting companies that are in up and down cycles. This type of loan should not be used for the purchase of assets

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